drivers/auxdisplay/hd44780.c

   1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
   2 /*
   3  * HD44780 Character LCD driver for Linux
   4  *
   5  * Copyright (C) 2000-2008, Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
   6  * Copyright (C) 2016-2017 Glider bvba
   7  */
   8
   9 #include <linux/delay.h>
  10 #include <linux/gpio/consumer.h>
  11 #include <linux/module.h>
  12 #include <linux/mod_devicetable.h>
  13 #include <linux/platform_device.h>
  14 #include <linux/property.h>
  15 #include <linux/slab.h>
  16
  17 #include <misc/charlcd.h>
  18
  19
  20 enum hd44780_pin {
  21         /* Order does matter due to writing to GPIO array subsets! */
  22         PIN_DATA0,      /* Optional */
  23         PIN_DATA1,      /* Optional */
  24         PIN_DATA2,      /* Optional */
  25         PIN_DATA3,      /* Optional */
  26         PIN_DATA4,
  27         PIN_DATA5,
  28         PIN_DATA6,
  29         PIN_DATA7,
  30         PIN_CTRL_RS,
  31         PIN_CTRL_RW,    /* Optional */
  32         PIN_CTRL_E,
  33         PIN_CTRL_BL,   /* Optional */
  34         PIN_NUM
  35 };
  36
  37 struct hd44780 {
  38         struct gpio_desc *pins[PIN_NUM];
  39 };
  40
  41 static void hd44780_backlight(struct charlcd *lcd, int on)
  42 {
  43         struct hd44780 *hd = lcd->drvdata;
  44
  45         if (hd->pins[PIN_CTRL_BL])
  46                 gpiod_set_value_cansleep(hd->pins[PIN_CTRL_BL], on);
  47 }
  48
  49 static void hd44780_strobe_gpio(struct hd44780 *hd)
  50 {
  51         /* Maintain the data during 20 us before the strobe */
  52         udelay(20);
  53
  54         gpiod_set_value_cansleep(hd->pins[PIN_CTRL_E], 1);
  55
  56         /* Maintain the strobe during 40 us */
  57         udelay(40);
  58
  59         gpiod_set_value_cansleep(hd->pins[PIN_CTRL_E], 0);
  60 }
  61
  62 /* write to an LCD panel register in 8 bit GPIO mode */
  63 static void hd44780_write_gpio8(struct hd44780 *hd, u8 val, unsigned int rs)
  64 {
  65         int values[10]; /* for DATA[0-7], RS, RW */
  66         unsigned int i, n;
  67
  68         for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
  69                 values[PIN_DATA0 + i] = !!(val & BIT(i));
  70         values[PIN_CTRL_RS] = rs;
  71         n = 9;
  72         if (hd->pins[PIN_CTRL_RW]) {
  73                 values[PIN_CTRL_RW] = 0;
  74                 n++;
  75         }
  76
  77         /* Present the data to the port */
  78         gpiod_set_array_value_cansleep(n, &hd->pins[PIN_DATA0], values);
  79
  80         hd44780_strobe_gpio(hd);
  81 }
  82
  83 /* write to an LCD panel register in 4 bit GPIO mode */
  84 static void hd44780_write_gpio4(struct hd44780 *hd, u8 val, unsigned int rs)
  85 {
  86         int values[10]; /* for DATA[0-7], RS, RW, but DATA[0-3] is unused */
  87         unsigned int i, n;
  88
  89         /* High nibble + RS, RW */
  90         for (i = 4; i < 8; i++)
  91                 values[PIN_DATA0 + i] = !!(val & BIT(i));
  92         values[PIN_CTRL_RS] = rs;
  93         n = 5;
  94         if (hd->pins[PIN_CTRL_RW]) {
  95                 values[PIN_CTRL_RW] = 0;
  96                 n++;
  97         }
  98
  99         /* Present the data to the port */
 100         gpiod_set_array_value_cansleep(n, &hd->pins[PIN_DATA4],
 101                                        &values[PIN_DATA4]);
 102
 103         hd44780_strobe_gpio(hd);
 104
 105         /* Low nibble */
 106         for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
 107                 values[PIN_DATA4 + i] = !!(val & BIT(i));
 108
 109         /* Present the data to the port */
 110         gpiod_set_array_value_cansleep(n, &hd->pins[PIN_DATA4],
 111                                        &values[PIN_DATA4]);
 112
 113         hd44780_strobe_gpio(hd);
 114 }
 115
 116 /* Send a command to the LCD panel in 8 bit GPIO mode */
 117 static void hd44780_write_cmd_gpio8(struct charlcd *lcd, int cmd)
 118 {
 119         struct hd44780 *hd = lcd->drvdata;
 120
 121         hd44780_write_gpio8(hd, cmd, 0);
 122
 123         /* The shortest command takes at least 120 us */
 124         udelay(120);
 125 }
 126
 127 /* Send data to the LCD panel in 8 bit GPIO mode */
 128 static void hd44780_write_data_gpio8(struct charlcd *lcd, int data)
 129 {
 130         struct hd44780 *hd = lcd->drvdata;
 131
 132         hd44780_write_gpio8(hd, data, 1);
 133
 134         /* The shortest data takes at least 45 us */
 135         udelay(45);
 136 }
 137
 138 static const struct charlcd_ops hd44780_ops_gpio8 = {
 139         .write_cmd      = hd44780_write_cmd_gpio8,
 140         .write_data     = hd44780_write_data_gpio8,
 141         .backlight      = hd44780_backlight,
 142 };
 143
 144 /* Send a command to the LCD panel in 4 bit GPIO mode */
 145 static void hd44780_write_cmd_gpio4(struct charlcd *lcd, int cmd)
 146 {
 147         struct hd44780 *hd = lcd->drvdata;
 148
 149         hd44780_write_gpio4(hd, cmd, 0);
 150
 151         /* The shortest command takes at least 120 us */
 152         udelay(120);
 153 }
 154
 155 /* Send 4-bits of a command to the LCD panel in raw 4 bit GPIO mode */
 156 static void hd44780_write_cmd_raw_gpio4(struct charlcd *lcd, int cmd)
 157 {
 158         int values[10]; /* for DATA[0-7], RS, RW, but DATA[0-3] is unused */
 159         struct hd44780 *hd = lcd->drvdata;
 160         unsigned int i, n;
 161
 162         /* Command nibble + RS, RW */
 163         for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
 164                 values[PIN_DATA4 + i] = !!(cmd & BIT(i));
 165         values[PIN_CTRL_RS] = 0;
 166         n = 5;
 167         if (hd->pins[PIN_CTRL_RW]) {
 168                 values[PIN_CTRL_RW] = 0;
 169                 n++;
 170         }
 171
 172         /* Present the data to the port */
 173         gpiod_set_array_value_cansleep(n, &hd->pins[PIN_DATA4],
 174                                        &values[PIN_DATA4]);
 175
 176         hd44780_strobe_gpio(hd);
 177 }
 178
 179 /* Send data to the LCD panel in 4 bit GPIO mode */
 180 static void hd44780_write_data_gpio4(struct charlcd *lcd, int data)
 181 {
 182         struct hd44780 *hd = lcd->drvdata;
 183
 184         hd44780_write_gpio4(hd, data, 1);
 185
 186         /* The shortest data takes at least 45 us */
 187         udelay(45);
 188 }
 189
 190 static const struct charlcd_ops hd44780_ops_gpio4 = {
 191         .write_cmd      = hd44780_write_cmd_gpio4,
 192         .write_cmd_raw4 = hd44780_write_cmd_raw_gpio4,
 193         .write_data     = hd44780_write_data_gpio4,
 194         .backlight      = hd44780_backlight,
 195 };
 196
 197 static int hd44780_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 198 {
 199         struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
 200         unsigned int i, base;
 201         struct charlcd *lcd;
 202         struct hd44780 *hd;
 203         int ifwidth, ret;
 204
 205         /* Required pins */
 206         ifwidth = gpiod_count(dev, "data");
 207         if (ifwidth < 0)
 208                 return ifwidth;
 209
 210         switch (ifwidth) {
 211         case 4:
 212                 base = PIN_DATA4;
 213                 break;
 214         case 8:
 215                 base = PIN_DATA0;
 216                 break;
 217         default:
 218                 return -EINVAL;
 219         }
 220
 221         lcd = charlcd_alloc(sizeof(struct hd44780));
 222         if (!lcd)
 223                 return -ENOMEM;
 224
 225         hd = lcd->drvdata;
 226
 227         for (i = 0; i < ifwidth; i++) {
 228                 hd->pins[base + i] = devm_gpiod_get_index(dev, "data", i,
 229                                                           GPIOD_OUT_LOW);
 230                 if (IS_ERR(hd->pins[base + i])) {
 231                         ret = PTR_ERR(hd->pins[base + i]);
 232                         goto fail;
 233                 }
 234         }
 235
 236         hd->pins[PIN_CTRL_E] = devm_gpiod_get(dev, "enable", GPIOD_OUT_LOW);
 237         if (IS_ERR(hd->pins[PIN_CTRL_E])) {
 238                 ret = PTR_ERR(hd->pins[PIN_CTRL_E]);
 239                 goto fail;
 240         }
 241
 242         hd->pins[PIN_CTRL_RS] = devm_gpiod_get(dev, "rs", GPIOD_OUT_HIGH);
 243         if (IS_ERR(hd->pins[PIN_CTRL_RS])) {
 244                 ret = PTR_ERR(hd->pins[PIN_CTRL_RS]);
 245                 goto fail;
 246         }
 247
 248         /* Optional pins */
 249         hd->pins[PIN_CTRL_RW] = devm_gpiod_get_optional(dev, "rw",
 250                                                         GPIOD_OUT_LOW);
 251         if (IS_ERR(hd->pins[PIN_CTRL_RW])) {
 252                 ret = PTR_ERR(hd->pins[PIN_CTRL_RW]);
 253                 goto fail;
 254         }
 255
 256         hd->pins[PIN_CTRL_BL] = devm_gpiod_get_optional(dev, "backlight",
 257                                                         GPIOD_OUT_LOW);
 258         if (IS_ERR(hd->pins[PIN_CTRL_BL])) {
 259                 ret = PTR_ERR(hd->pins[PIN_CTRL_BL]);
 260                 goto fail;
 261         }
 262
 263         /* Required properties */
 264         ret = device_property_read_u32(dev, "display-height-chars",
 265                                        &lcd->height);
 266         if (ret)
 267                 goto fail;
 268         ret = device_property_read_u32(dev, "display-width-chars", &lcd->width);
 269         if (ret)
 270                 goto fail;
 271
 272         /*
 273          * On displays with more than two rows, the internal buffer width is
 274          * usually equal to the display width
 275          */
 276         if (lcd->height > 2)
 277                 lcd->bwidth = lcd->width;
 278
 279         /* Optional properties */
 280         device_property_read_u32(dev, "internal-buffer-width", &lcd->bwidth);
 281
 282         lcd->ifwidth = ifwidth;
 283         lcd->ops = ifwidth == 8 ? &hd44780_ops_gpio8 : &hd44780_ops_gpio4;
 284
 285         ret = charlcd_register(lcd);
 286         if (ret)
 287                 goto fail;
 288
 289         platform_set_drvdata(pdev, lcd);
 290         return 0;
 291
 292 fail:
 293         kfree(lcd);
 294         return ret;
 295 }
 296
 297 static int hd44780_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
 298 {
 299         struct charlcd *lcd = platform_get_drvdata(pdev);
 300
 301         charlcd_unregister(lcd);
 302
 303         kfree(lcd);
 304         return 0;
 305 }
 306
 307 static const struct of_device_id hd44780_of_match[] = {
 308         { .compatible = "hit,hd44780" },
 309         { /* sentinel */ }
 310 };
 311 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, hd44780_of_match);
 312
 313 static struct platform_driver hd44780_driver = {
 314         .probe = hd44780_probe,
 315         .remove = hd44780_remove,
 316         .driver         = {
 317                 .name   = "hd44780",
 318                 .of_match_table = hd44780_of_match,
 319         },
 320 };
 321
 322 module_platform_driver(hd44780_driver);
 323 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("HD44780 Character LCD driver");
 324 MODULE_AUTHOR("Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>");
 325 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");