tools/perf/util/stat-shadow.c

   1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   2 #include <stdio.h>
   3 #include "evsel.h"
   4 #include "stat.h"
   5 #include "color.h"
   6 #include "pmu.h"
   7 #include "rblist.h"
   8 #include "evlist.h"
   9 #include "expr.h"
  10 #include "metricgroup.h"
  11
  12 /*
  13  * AGGR_GLOBAL: Use CPU 0
  14  * AGGR_SOCKET: Use first CPU of socket
  15  * AGGR_CORE: Use first CPU of core
  16  * AGGR_NONE: Use matching CPU
  17  * AGGR_THREAD: Not supported?
  18  */
  19 static bool have_frontend_stalled;
  20
  21 struct runtime_stat rt_stat;
  22 struct stats walltime_nsecs_stats;
  23
  24 struct saved_value {
  25         struct rb_node rb_node;
  26         struct perf_evsel *evsel;
  27         enum stat_type type;
  28         int ctx;
  29         int cpu;
  30         struct runtime_stat *stat;
  31         struct stats stats;
  32 };
  33
  34 static int saved_value_cmp(struct rb_node *rb_node, const void *entry)
  35 {
  36         struct saved_value *a = container_of(rb_node,
  37                                              struct saved_value,
  38                                              rb_node);
  39         const struct saved_value *b = entry;
  40
  41         if (a->cpu != b->cpu)
  42                 return a->cpu - b->cpu;
  43
  44         /*
  45          * Previously the rbtree was used to link generic metrics.
  46          * The keys were evsel/cpu. Now the rbtree is extended to support
  47          * per-thread shadow stats. For shadow stats case, the keys
  48          * are cpu/type/ctx/stat (evsel is NULL). For generic metrics
  49          * case, the keys are still evsel/cpu (type/ctx/stat are 0 or NULL).
  50          */
  51         if (a->type != b->type)
  52                 return a->type - b->type;
  53
  54         if (a->ctx != b->ctx)
  55                 return a->ctx - b->ctx;
  56
  57         if (a->evsel == NULL && b->evsel == NULL) {
  58                 if (a->stat == b->stat)
  59                         return 0;
  60
  61                 if ((char *)a->stat < (char *)b->stat)
  62                         return -1;
  63
  64                 return 1;
  65         }
  66
  67         if (a->evsel == b->evsel)
  68                 return 0;
  69         if ((char *)a->evsel < (char *)b->evsel)
  70                 return -1;
  71         return +1;
  72 }
  73
  74 static struct rb_node *saved_value_new(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
  75                                      const void *entry)
  76 {
  77         struct saved_value *nd = malloc(sizeof(struct saved_value));
  78
  79         if (!nd)
  80                 return NULL;
  81         memcpy(nd, entry, sizeof(struct saved_value));
  82         return &nd->rb_node;
  83 }
  84
  85 static void saved_value_delete(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
  86                                struct rb_node *rb_node)
  87 {
  88         struct saved_value *v;
  89
  90         BUG_ON(!rb_node);
  91         v = container_of(rb_node, struct saved_value, rb_node);
  92         free(v);
  93 }
  94
  95 static struct saved_value *saved_value_lookup(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
  96                                               int cpu,
  97                                               bool create,
  98                                               enum stat_type type,
  99                                               int ctx,
 100                                               struct runtime_stat *st)
 101 {
 102         struct rblist *rblist;
 103         struct rb_node *nd;
 104         struct saved_value dm = {
 105                 .cpu = cpu,
 106                 .evsel = evsel,
 107                 .type = type,
 108                 .ctx = ctx,
 109                 .stat = st,
 110         };
 111
 112         rblist = &st->value_list;
 113
 114         nd = rblist__find(rblist, &dm);
 115         if (nd)
 116                 return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
 117         if (create) {
 118                 rblist__add_node(rblist, &dm);
 119                 nd = rblist__find(rblist, &dm);
 120                 if (nd)
 121                         return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
 122         }
 123         return NULL;
 124 }
 125
 126 void runtime_stat__init(struct runtime_stat *st)
 127 {
 128         struct rblist *rblist = &st->value_list;
 129
 130         rblist__init(rblist);
 131         rblist->node_cmp = saved_value_cmp;
 132         rblist->node_new = saved_value_new;
 133         rblist->node_delete = saved_value_delete;
 134 }
 135
 136 void runtime_stat__exit(struct runtime_stat *st)
 137 {
 138         rblist__exit(&st->value_list);
 139 }
 140
 141 void perf_stat__init_shadow_stats(void)
 142 {
 143         have_frontend_stalled = pmu_have_event("cpu", "stalled-cycles-frontend");
 144         runtime_stat__init(&rt_stat);
 145 }
 146
 147 static int evsel_context(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
 148 {
 149         int ctx = 0;
 150
 151         if (evsel->attr.exclude_kernel)
 152                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_KERNEL;
 153         if (evsel->attr.exclude_user)
 154                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_USER;
 155         if (evsel->attr.exclude_hv)
 156                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_HV;
 157         if (evsel->attr.exclude_host)
 158                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_HOST;
 159         if (evsel->attr.exclude_idle)
 160                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_IDLE;
 161
 162         return ctx;
 163 }
 164
 165 static void reset_stat(struct runtime_stat *st)
 166 {
 167         struct rblist *rblist;
 168         struct rb_node *pos, *next;
 169
 170         rblist = &st->value_list;
 171         next = rb_first(&rblist->entries);
 172         while (next) {
 173                 pos = next;
 174                 next = rb_next(pos);
 175                 memset(&container_of(pos, struct saved_value, rb_node)->stats,
 176                        0,
 177                        sizeof(struct stats));
 178         }
 179 }
 180
 181 void perf_stat__reset_shadow_stats(void)
 182 {
 183         reset_stat(&rt_stat);
 184         memset(&walltime_nsecs_stats, 0, sizeof(walltime_nsecs_stats));
 185 }
 186
 187 void perf_stat__reset_shadow_per_stat(struct runtime_stat *st)
 188 {
 189         reset_stat(st);
 190 }
 191
 192 static void update_runtime_stat(struct runtime_stat *st,
 193                                 enum stat_type type,
 194                                 int ctx, int cpu, u64 count)
 195 {
 196         struct saved_value *v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, true,
 197                                                    type, ctx, st);
 198
 199         if (v)
 200                 update_stats(&v->stats, count);
 201 }
 202
 203 /*
 204  * Update various tracking values we maintain to print
 205  * more semantic information such as miss/hit ratios,
 206  * instruction rates, etc:
 207  */
 208 void perf_stat__update_shadow_stats(struct perf_evsel *counter, u64 count,
 209                                     int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 210 {
 211         int ctx = evsel_context(counter);
 212         u64 count_ns = count;
 213
 214         count *= counter->scale;
 215
 216         if (perf_evsel__is_clock(counter))
 217                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu, count_ns);
 218         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES))
 219                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu, count);
 220         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, CYCLES_IN_TX))
 221                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, ctx, cpu, count);
 222         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TRANSACTION_START))
 223                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TRANSACTION, ctx, cpu, count);
 224         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, ELISION_START))
 225                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_ELISION, ctx, cpu, count);
 226         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS))
 227                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS,
 228                                     ctx, cpu, count);
 229         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED))
 230                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED,
 231                                     ctx, cpu, count);
 232         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED))
 233                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED,
 234                                     ctx, cpu, count);
 235         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES))
 236                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES,
 237                                     ctx, cpu, count);
 238         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES))
 239                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES,
 240                                     ctx, cpu, count);
 241         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND))
 242                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT,
 243                                     ctx, cpu, count);
 244         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND))
 245                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK,
 246                                     ctx, cpu, count);
 247         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS))
 248                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_BRANCHES, ctx, cpu, count);
 249         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_REFERENCES))
 250                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, ctx, cpu, count);
 251         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1D))
 252                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 253         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1I))
 254                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 255         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_LL))
 256                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 257         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_DTLB))
 258                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 259         else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_ITLB))
 260                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 261         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, SMI_NUM))
 262                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_SMI_NUM, ctx, cpu, count);
 263         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, APERF))
 264                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_APERF, ctx, cpu, count);
 265
 266         if (counter->collect_stat) {
 267                 struct saved_value *v = saved_value_lookup(counter, cpu, true,
 268                                                            STAT_NONE, 0, st);
 269                 update_stats(&v->stats, count);
 270         }
 271 }
 272
 273 /* used for get_ratio_color() */
 274 enum grc_type {
 275         GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE,
 276         GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE,
 277         GRC_CACHE_MISSES,
 278         GRC_MAX_NR
 279 };
 280
 281 static const char *get_ratio_color(enum grc_type type, double ratio)
 282 {
 283         static const double grc_table[GRC_MAX_NR][3] = {
 284                 [GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE] = { 50.0, 30.0, 10.0 },
 285                 [GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE] = { 75.0, 50.0, 20.0 },
 286                 [GRC_CACHE_MISSES]      = { 20.0, 10.0, 5.0 },
 287         };
 288         const char *color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
 289
 290         if (ratio > grc_table[type][0])
 291                 color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 292         else if (ratio > grc_table[type][1])
 293                 color = PERF_COLOR_MAGENTA;
 294         else if (ratio > grc_table[type][2])
 295                 color = PERF_COLOR_YELLOW;
 296
 297         return color;
 298 }
 299
 300 static struct perf_evsel *perf_stat__find_event(struct perf_evlist *evsel_list,
 301                                                 const char *name)
 302 {
 303         struct perf_evsel *c2;
 304
 305         evlist__for_each_entry (evsel_list, c2) {
 306                 if (!strcasecmp(c2->name, name) && !c2->collect_stat)
 307                         return c2;
 308         }
 309         return NULL;
 310 }
 311
 312 /* Mark MetricExpr target events and link events using them to them. */
 313 void perf_stat__collect_metric_expr(struct perf_evlist *evsel_list)
 314 {
 315         struct perf_evsel *counter, *leader, **metric_events, *oc;
 316         bool found;
 317         const char **metric_names;
 318         int i;
 319         int num_metric_names;
 320
 321         evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, counter) {
 322                 bool invalid = false;
 323
 324                 leader = counter->leader;
 325                 if (!counter->metric_expr)
 326                         continue;
 327                 metric_events = counter->metric_events;
 328                 if (!metric_events) {
 329                         if (expr__find_other(counter->metric_expr, counter->name,
 330                                                 &metric_names, &num_metric_names) < 0)
 331                                 continue;
 332
 333                         metric_events = calloc(sizeof(struct perf_evsel *),
 334                                                num_metric_names + 1);
 335                         if (!metric_events)
 336                                 return;
 337                         counter->metric_events = metric_events;
 338                 }
 339
 340                 for (i = 0; i < num_metric_names; i++) {
 341                         found = false;
 342                         if (leader) {
 343                                 /* Search in group */
 344                                 for_each_group_member (oc, leader) {
 345                                         if (!strcasecmp(oc->name, metric_names[i]) &&
 346                                                 !oc->collect_stat) {
 347                                                 found = true;
 348                                                 break;
 349                                         }
 350                                 }
 351                         }
 352                         if (!found) {
 353                                 /* Search ignoring groups */
 354                                 oc = perf_stat__find_event(evsel_list, metric_names[i]);
 355                         }
 356                         if (!oc) {
 357                                 /* Deduping one is good enough to handle duplicated PMUs. */
 358                                 static char *printed;
 359
 360                                 /*
 361                                  * Adding events automatically would be difficult, because
 362                                  * it would risk creating groups that are not schedulable.
 363                                  * perf stat doesn't understand all the scheduling constraints
 364                                  * of events. So we ask the user instead to add the missing
 365                                  * events.
 366                                  */
 367                                 if (!printed || strcasecmp(printed, metric_names[i])) {
 368                                         fprintf(stderr,
 369                                                 "Add %s event to groups to get metric expression for %s\n",
 370                                                 metric_names[i],
 371                                                 counter->name);
 372                                         printed = strdup(metric_names[i]);
 373                                 }
 374                                 invalid = true;
 375                                 continue;
 376                         }
 377                         metric_events[i] = oc;
 378                         oc->collect_stat = true;
 379                 }
 380                 metric_events[i] = NULL;
 381                 free(metric_names);
 382                 if (invalid) {
 383                         free(metric_events);
 384                         counter->metric_events = NULL;
 385                         counter->metric_expr = NULL;
 386                 }
 387         }
 388 }
 389
 390 static double runtime_stat_avg(struct runtime_stat *st,
 391                                enum stat_type type, int ctx, int cpu)
 392 {
 393         struct saved_value *v;
 394
 395         v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, false, type, ctx, st);
 396         if (!v)
 397                 return 0.0;
 398
 399         return avg_stats(&v->stats);
 400 }
 401
 402 static double runtime_stat_n(struct runtime_stat *st,
 403                              enum stat_type type, int ctx, int cpu)
 404 {
 405         struct saved_value *v;
 406
 407         v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, false, type, ctx, st);
 408         if (!v)
 409                 return 0.0;
 410
 411         return v->stats.n;
 412 }
 413
 414 static void print_stalled_cycles_frontend(int cpu,
 415                                           struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg,
 416                                           struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 417                                           struct runtime_stat *st)
 418 {
 419         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 420         const char *color;
 421         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 422
 423         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 424
 425         if (total)
 426                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 427
 428         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE, ratio);
 429
 430         if (ratio)
 431                 out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "frontend cycles idle",
 432                                   ratio);
 433         else
 434                 out->print_metric(out->ctx, NULL, NULL, "frontend cycles idle", 0);
 435 }
 436
 437 static void print_stalled_cycles_backend(int cpu,
 438                                          struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg,
 439                                          struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 440                                          struct runtime_stat *st)
 441 {
 442         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 443         const char *color;
 444         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 445
 446         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 447
 448         if (total)
 449                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 450
 451         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE, ratio);
 452
 453         out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "backend cycles idle", ratio);
 454 }
 455
 456 static void print_branch_misses(int cpu,
 457                                 struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 458                                 double avg,
 459                                 struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 460                                 struct runtime_stat *st)
 461 {
 462         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 463         const char *color;
 464         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 465
 466         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_BRANCHES, ctx, cpu);
 467
 468         if (total)
 469                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 470
 471         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 472
 473         out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all branches", ratio);
 474 }
 475
 476 static void print_l1_dcache_misses(int cpu,
 477                                    struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 478                                    double avg,
 479                                    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 480                                    struct runtime_stat *st)
 481
 482 {
 483         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 484         const char *color;
 485         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 486
 487         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, ctx, cpu);
 488
 489         if (total)
 490                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 491
 492         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 493
 494         out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-dcache hits", ratio);
 495 }
 496
 497 static void print_l1_icache_misses(int cpu,
 498                                    struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 499                                    double avg,
 500                                    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 501                                    struct runtime_stat *st)
 502
 503 {
 504         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 505         const char *color;
 506         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 507
 508         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, ctx, cpu);
 509
 510         if (total)
 511                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 512
 513         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 514         out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-icache hits", ratio);
 515 }
 516
 517 static void print_dtlb_cache_misses(int cpu,
 518                                     struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 519                                     double avg,
 520                                     struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 521                                     struct runtime_stat *st)
 522 {
 523         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 524         const char *color;
 525         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 526
 527         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu);
 528
 529         if (total)
 530                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 531
 532         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 533         out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all dTLB cache hits", ratio);
 534 }
 535
 536 static void print_itlb_cache_misses(int cpu,
 537                                     struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 538                                     double avg,
 539                                     struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 540                                     struct runtime_stat *st)
 541 {
 542         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 543         const char *color;
 544         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 545
 546         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu);
 547
 548         if (total)
 549                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 550
 551         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 552         out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all iTLB cache hits", ratio);
 553 }
 554
 555 static void print_ll_cache_misses(int cpu,
 556                                   struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 557                                   double avg,
 558                                   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 559                                   struct runtime_stat *st)
 560 {
 561         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 562         const char *color;
 563         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 564
 565         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, ctx, cpu);
 566
 567         if (total)
 568                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 569
 570         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 571         out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all LL-cache hits", ratio);
 572 }
 573
 574 /*
 575  * High level "TopDown" CPU core pipe line bottleneck break down.
 576  *
 577  * Basic concept following
 578  * Yasin, A Top Down Method for Performance analysis and Counter architecture
 579  * ISPASS14
 580  *
 581  * The CPU pipeline is divided into 4 areas that can be bottlenecks:
 582  *
 583  * Frontend -> Backend -> Retiring
 584  * BadSpeculation in addition means out of order execution that is thrown away
 585  * (for example branch mispredictions)
 586  * Frontend is instruction decoding.
 587  * Backend is execution, like computation and accessing data in memory
 588  * Retiring is good execution that is not directly bottlenecked
 589  *
 590  * The formulas are computed in slots.
 591  * A slot is an entry in the pipeline each for the pipeline width
 592  * (for example a 4-wide pipeline has 4 slots for each cycle)
 593  *
 594  * Formulas:
 595  * BadSpeculation = ((SlotsIssued - SlotsRetired) + RecoveryBubbles) /
 596  *                      TotalSlots
 597  * Retiring = SlotsRetired / TotalSlots
 598  * FrontendBound = FetchBubbles / TotalSlots
 599  * BackendBound = 1.0 - BadSpeculation - Retiring - FrontendBound
 600  *
 601  * The kernel provides the mapping to the low level CPU events and any scaling
 602  * needed for the CPU pipeline width, for example:
 603  *
 604  * TotalSlots = Cycles * 4
 605  *
 606  * The scaling factor is communicated in the sysfs unit.
 607  *
 608  * In some cases the CPU may not be able to measure all the formulas due to
 609  * missing events. In this case multiple formulas are combined, as possible.
 610  *
 611  * Full TopDown supports more levels to sub-divide each area: for example
 612  * BackendBound into computing bound and memory bound. For now we only
 613  * support Level 1 TopDown.
 614  */
 615
 616 static double sanitize_val(double x)
 617 {
 618         if (x < 0 && x >= -0.02)
 619                 return 0.0;
 620         return x;
 621 }
 622
 623 static double td_total_slots(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 624 {
 625         return runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS, ctx, cpu);
 626 }
 627
 628 static double td_bad_spec(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 629 {
 630         double bad_spec = 0;
 631         double total_slots;
 632         double total;
 633
 634         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED, ctx, cpu) -
 635                 runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED, ctx, cpu) +
 636                 runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES, ctx, cpu);
 637
 638         total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st);
 639         if (total_slots)
 640                 bad_spec = total / total_slots;
 641         return sanitize_val(bad_spec);
 642 }
 643
 644 static double td_retiring(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 645 {
 646         double retiring = 0;
 647         double total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st);
 648         double ret_slots = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED,
 649                                             ctx, cpu);
 650
 651         if (total_slots)
 652                 retiring = ret_slots / total_slots;
 653         return retiring;
 654 }
 655
 656 static double td_fe_bound(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 657 {
 658         double fe_bound = 0;
 659         double total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st);
 660         double fetch_bub = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES,
 661                                             ctx, cpu);
 662
 663         if (total_slots)
 664                 fe_bound = fetch_bub / total_slots;
 665         return fe_bound;
 666 }
 667
 668 static double td_be_bound(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 669 {
 670         double sum = (td_fe_bound(ctx, cpu, st) +
 671                       td_bad_spec(ctx, cpu, st) +
 672                       td_retiring(ctx, cpu, st));
 673         if (sum == 0)
 674                 return 0;
 675         return sanitize_val(1.0 - sum);
 676 }
 677
 678 static void print_smi_cost(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 679                            struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 680                            struct runtime_stat *st)
 681 {
 682         double smi_num, aperf, cycles, cost = 0.0;
 683         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 684         const char *color = NULL;
 685
 686         smi_num = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_SMI_NUM, ctx, cpu);
 687         aperf = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_APERF, ctx, cpu);
 688         cycles = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 689
 690         if ((cycles == 0) || (aperf == 0))
 691                 return;
 692
 693         if (smi_num)
 694                 cost = (aperf - cycles) / aperf * 100.00;
 695
 696         if (cost > 10)
 697                 color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 698         out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%8.1f%%", "SMI cycles%", cost);
 699         out->print_metric(out->ctx, NULL, "%4.0f", "SMI#", smi_num);
 700 }
 701
 702 static void generic_metric(const char *metric_expr,
 703                            struct perf_evsel **metric_events,
 704                            char *name,
 705                            const char *metric_name,
 706                            double avg,
 707                            int cpu,
 708                            struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 709                            struct runtime_stat *st)
 710 {
 711         print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
 712         struct parse_ctx pctx;
 713         double ratio;
 714         int i;
 715         void *ctxp = out->ctx;
 716
 717         expr__ctx_init(&pctx);
 718         expr__add_id(&pctx, name, avg);
 719         for (i = 0; metric_events[i]; i++) {
 720                 struct saved_value *v;
 721                 struct stats *stats;
 722                 double scale;
 723
 724                 if (!strcmp(metric_events[i]->name, "duration_time")) {
 725                         stats = &walltime_nsecs_stats;
 726                         scale = 1e-9;
 727                 } else {
 728                         v = saved_value_lookup(metric_events[i], cpu, false,
 729                                                STAT_NONE, 0, st);
 730                         if (!v)
 731                                 break;
 732                         stats = &v->stats;
 733                         scale = 1.0;
 734                 }
 735                 expr__add_id(&pctx, metric_events[i]->name, avg_stats(stats)*scale);
 736         }
 737         if (!metric_events[i]) {
 738                 const char *p = metric_expr;
 739
 740                 if (expr__parse(&ratio, &pctx, &p) == 0)
 741                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.1f",
 742                                 metric_name ?
 743                                 metric_name :
 744                                 out->force_header ?  name : "",
 745                                 ratio);
 746                 else
 747                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL,
 748                                      out->force_header ?
 749                                      (metric_name ? metric_name : name) : "", 0);
 750         } else
 751                 print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "", 0);
 752 }
 753
 754 void perf_stat__print_shadow_stats(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 755                                    double avg, int cpu,
 756                                    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 757                                    struct rblist *metric_events,
 758                                    struct runtime_stat *st)
 759 {
 760         void *ctxp = out->ctx;
 761         print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
 762         double total, ratio = 0.0, total2;
 763         const char *color = NULL;
 764         int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 765         struct metric_event *me;
 766         int num = 1;
 767
 768         if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_INSTRUCTIONS)) {
 769                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 770
 771                 if (total) {
 772                         ratio = avg / total;
 773                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
 774                                         "insn per cycle", ratio);
 775                 } else {
 776                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "insn per cycle", 0);
 777                 }
 778
 779                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT,
 780                                          ctx, cpu);
 781
 782                 total = max(total, runtime_stat_avg(st,
 783                                                     STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK,
 784                                                     ctx, cpu));
 785
 786                 if (total && avg) {
 787                         out->new_line(ctxp);
 788                         ratio = total / avg;
 789                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
 790                                         "stalled cycles per insn",
 791                                         ratio);
 792                 } else if (have_frontend_stalled) {
 793                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL,
 794                                      "stalled cycles per insn", 0);
 795                 }
 796         } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_MISSES)) {
 797                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_BRANCHES, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 798                         print_branch_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 799                 else
 800                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all branches", 0);
 801         } else if (
 802                 evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 803                 evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D |
 804                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 805                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 806
 807                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 808                         print_l1_dcache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 809                 else
 810                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-dcache hits", 0);
 811         } else if (
 812                 evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 813                 evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I |
 814                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 815                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 816
 817                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 818                         print_l1_icache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 819                 else
 820                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-icache hits", 0);
 821         } else if (
 822                 evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 823                 evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB |
 824                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 825                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 826
 827                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 828                         print_dtlb_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 829                 else
 830                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all dTLB cache hits", 0);
 831         } else if (
 832                 evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 833                 evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB |
 834                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 835                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 836
 837                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 838                         print_itlb_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 839                 else
 840                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all iTLB cache hits", 0);
 841         } else if (
 842                 evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 843                 evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL |
 844                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 845                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 846
 847                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 848                         print_ll_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 849                 else
 850                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all LL-cache hits", 0);
 851         } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_MISSES)) {
 852                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, ctx, cpu);
 853
 854                 if (total)
 855                         ratio = avg * 100 / total;
 856
 857                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 858                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f %%",
 859                                      "of all cache refs", ratio);
 860                 else
 861                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all cache refs", 0);
 862         } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND)) {
 863                 print_stalled_cycles_frontend(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 864         } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND)) {
 865                 print_stalled_cycles_backend(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 866         } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES)) {
 867                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu);
 868
 869                 if (total) {
 870                         ratio = avg / total;
 871                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "GHz", ratio);
 872                 } else {
 873                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "Ghz", 0);
 874                 }
 875         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX)) {
 876                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 877
 878                 if (total)
 879                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL,
 880                                         "%7.2f%%", "transactional cycles",
 881                                         100.0 * (avg / total));
 882                 else
 883                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "transactional cycles",
 884                                      0);
 885         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX_CP)) {
 886                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 887                 total2 = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, ctx, cpu);
 888
 889                 if (total2 < avg)
 890                         total2 = avg;
 891                 if (total)
 892                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f%%", "aborted cycles",
 893                                 100.0 * ((total2-avg) / total));
 894                 else
 895                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "aborted cycles", 0);
 896         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TRANSACTION_START)) {
 897                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX,
 898                                          ctx, cpu);
 899
 900                 if (avg)
 901                         ratio = total / avg;
 902
 903                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 904                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f",
 905                                      "cycles / transaction", ratio);
 906                 else
 907                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "cycles / transaction",
 908                                       0);
 909         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, ELISION_START)) {
 910                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX,
 911                                          ctx, cpu);
 912
 913                 if (avg)
 914                         ratio = total / avg;
 915
 916                 print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f", "cycles / elision", ratio);
 917         } else if (perf_evsel__is_clock(evsel)) {
 918                 if ((ratio = avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats)) != 0)
 919                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "CPUs utilized",
 920                                      avg / (ratio * evsel->scale));
 921                 else
 922                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "CPUs utilized", 0);
 923         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES)) {
 924                 double fe_bound = td_fe_bound(ctx, cpu, st);
 925
 926                 if (fe_bound > 0.2)
 927                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 928                 print_metric(ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "frontend bound",
 929                                 fe_bound * 100.);
 930         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED)) {
 931                 double retiring = td_retiring(ctx, cpu, st);
 932
 933                 if (retiring > 0.7)
 934                         color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
 935                 print_metric(ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "retiring",
 936                                 retiring * 100.);
 937         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES)) {
 938                 double bad_spec = td_bad_spec(ctx, cpu, st);
 939
 940                 if (bad_spec > 0.1)
 941                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 942                 print_metric(ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "bad speculation",
 943                                 bad_spec * 100.);
 944         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED)) {
 945                 double be_bound = td_be_bound(ctx, cpu, st);
 946                 const char *name = "backend bound";
 947                 static int have_recovery_bubbles = -1;
 948
 949                 /* In case the CPU does not support topdown-recovery-bubbles */
 950                 if (have_recovery_bubbles < 0)
 951                         have_recovery_bubbles = pmu_have_event("cpu",
 952                                         "topdown-recovery-bubbles");
 953                 if (!have_recovery_bubbles)
 954                         name = "backend bound/bad spec";
 955
 956                 if (be_bound > 0.2)
 957                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 958                 if (td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st) > 0)
 959                         print_metric(ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", name,
 960                                         be_bound * 100.);
 961                 else
 962                         print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, name, 0);
 963         } else if (evsel->metric_expr) {
 964                 generic_metric(evsel->metric_expr, evsel->metric_events, evsel->name,
 965                                 evsel->metric_name, avg, cpu, out, st);
 966         } else if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu) != 0) {
 967                 char unit = 'M';
 968                 char unit_buf[10];
 969
 970                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu);
 971
 972                 if (total)
 973                         ratio = 1000.0 * avg / total;
 974                 if (ratio < 0.001) {
 975                         ratio *= 1000;
 976                         unit = 'K';
 977                 }
 978                 snprintf(unit_buf, sizeof(unit_buf), "%c/sec", unit);
 979                 print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", unit_buf, ratio);
 980         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, SMI_NUM)) {
 981                 print_smi_cost(cpu, evsel, out, st);
 982         } else {
 983                 num = 0;
 984         }
 985
 986         if ((me = metricgroup__lookup(metric_events, evsel, false)) != NULL) {
 987                 struct metric_expr *mexp;
 988
 989                 list_for_each_entry (mexp, &me->head, nd) {
 990                         if (num++ > 0)
 991                                 out->new_line(ctxp);
 992                         generic_metric(mexp->metric_expr, mexp->metric_events,
 993                                         evsel->name, mexp->metric_name,
 994                                         avg, cpu, out, st);
 995                 }
 996         }
 997         if (num == 0)
 998                 print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
 999 }