-# kconfig-hardened-check
+# kernel-hardening-checker
-
-
-[](https://codecov.io/gh/a13xp0p0v/kconfig-hardened-check)
+__(formerly kconfig-hardened-check)__<br /><br />
+[](https://github.com/a13xp0p0v/kernel-hardening-checker/actions/workflows/functional_test.yml)
+[](https://app.codecov.io/gh/a13xp0p0v/kernel-hardening-checker?flags%5B0%5D=functional_test)<br />
+[](https://github.com/a13xp0p0v/kernel-hardening-checker/actions/workflows/engine_unit-test.yml)
+[](https://app.codecov.io/gh/a13xp0p0v/kernel-hardening-checker?flags%5B0%5D=engine_unit-test)<br />
+[](https://github.com/a13xp0p0v/kernel-hardening-checker/tags)
## Motivation
But nobody likes checking configs manually. So let the computers do their job!
-__kconfig-hardened-check__ helps me to check the Linux kernel options
-against my security hardening preferences, which are based on the
+__kernel-hardening-checker__ (formerly __kconfig-hardened-check__) is a tool for checking the security hardening options of the Linux kernel. It supports checking:
+
+ - Kconfig options (compile-time)
+ - Kernel cmdline arguments (boot-time)
+ - Sysctl parameters (runtime)
+
+The security hardening recommendations are based on:
- [KSPP recommended settings][1]
- [CLIP OS kernel configuration][2]
- [SECURITY_LOCKDOWN_LSM][5] patchset
- [Direct feedback from the Linux kernel maintainers][23]
-This tool supports checking __Kconfig__ options and __kernel cmdline__ parameters.
-
I also created the [__Linux Kernel Defence Map__][4], which is a graphical representation of the
relationships between security hardening features and the corresponding vulnerability classes
or exploitation techniques.
+__Attention!__ Changing Linux kernel security parameters may also affect system performance
+and functionality of userspace software. So for choosing these parameters, consider
+the threat model of your Linux-based information system and perform thorough testing
+of its typical workload.
+
+## Repositories
+
+ - Main at GitHub <https://github.com/a13xp0p0v/kernel-hardening-checker>
+ - Mirror at Codeberg: <https://codeberg.org/a13xp0p0v/kernel-hardening-checker>
+ - Mirror at GitFlic: <https://gitflic.ru/project/a13xp0p0v/kernel-hardening-checker>
+
## Supported microarchitectures
- X86_64
You can install the package:
```
-pip install git+https://github.com/a13xp0p0v/kconfig-hardened-check
+pip install git+https://github.com/a13xp0p0v/kernel-hardening-checker
```
-or simply run `./bin/kconfig-hardened-check` from the cloned repository.
+or simply run `./bin/kernel-hardening-checker` from the cloned repository.
-Some Linux distributions also provide `kconfig-hardened-check` as a package.
+Some Linux distributions also provide `kernel-hardening-checker` as a package.
## Usage
```
-usage: kconfig-hardened-check [-h] [--version] [-p {X86_64,X86_32,ARM64,ARM}]
- [-c CONFIG]
- [-l CMDLINE]
- [-m {verbose,json,show_ok,show_fail}]
+usage: kernel-hardening-checker [-h] [--version] [-m {verbose,json,show_ok,show_fail}]
+ [-c CONFIG] [-l CMDLINE] [-s SYSCTL] [-v KERNEL_VERSION]
+ [-p {X86_64,X86_32,ARM64,ARM}]
+ [-g {X86_64,X86_32,ARM64,ARM}]
A tool for checking the security hardening options of the Linux kernel
-optional arguments:
+options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--version show program's version number and exit
- -p {X86_64,X86_32,ARM64,ARM}, --print {X86_64,X86_32,ARM64,ARM}
- print security hardening preferences for the selected architecture
- -c CONFIG, --config CONFIG
- check the kernel kconfig file against these preferences
- -l CMDLINE, --cmdline CMDLINE
- check the kernel cmdline file against these preferences
-m {verbose,json,show_ok,show_fail}, --mode {verbose,json,show_ok,show_fail}
choose the report mode
+ -c CONFIG, --config CONFIG
+ check the security hardening options in the kernel Kconfig file
+ (also supports *.gz files)
+ -l CMDLINE, --cmdline CMDLINE
+ check the security hardening options in the kernel cmdline file
+ (contents of /proc/cmdline)
+ -s SYSCTL, --sysctl SYSCTL
+ check the security hardening options in the sysctl output file
+ (`sudo sysctl -a > file`)
+ -v KERNEL_VERSION, --kernel-version KERNEL_VERSION
+ extract the version from the kernel version file (contents of
+ /proc/version)
+ -p {X86_64,X86_32,ARM64,ARM}, --print {X86_64,X86_32,ARM64,ARM}
+ print the security hardening recommendations for the selected
+ microarchitecture
+ -g {X86_64,X86_32,ARM64,ARM}, --generate {X86_64,X86_32,ARM64,ARM}
+ generate a Kconfig fragment with the security hardening options
+ for the selected microarchitecture
```
## Output modes
```
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<<< OR >>>
-CONFIG_STRICT_DEVMEM | y |defconfig | cut_attack_surface
-CONFIG_DEVMEM | is not set | kspp | cut_attack_surface
+CONFIG_STRICT_DEVMEM |kconfig| y |defconfig |cut_attack_surface
+CONFIG_DEVMEM |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
```
- `-m show_fail` for showing only the failed checks
- `-m show_ok` for showing only the successful checks
- - `-m json` for printing the results in JSON format (for combining `kconfig-hardened-check` with other tools)
+ - `-m json` for printing the results in JSON format (for combining `kernel-hardening-checker` with other tools)
-## Example output for `Fedora 34` kernel configuration
+## Example output for `Ubuntu 22.04` kernel configuration
```
-$ ./bin/kconfig-hardened-check -c /boot/config-5.19.4-200.fc36.x86_64 -l /proc/cmdline
-[+] Kconfig file to check: /boot/config-5.19.4-200.fc36.x86_64
+$ ./bin/kernel-hardening-checker -c kernel_hardening_checker/config_files/distros/ubuntu-22.04.config -l /proc/cmdline -s kernel_hardening_checker/config_files/distros/example_sysctls.txt
+[+] Kconfig file to check: kernel_hardening_checker/config_files/distros/ubuntu-22.04.config
[+] Kernel cmdline file to check: /proc/cmdline
-[+] Detected architecture: X86_64
-[+] Detected kernel version: 5.19
-[+] Detected compiler: GCC 120201
+[+] Sysctl output file to check: kernel_hardening_checker/config_files/distros/example_sysctls.txt
+[+] Detected microarchitecture: X86_64
+[+] Detected kernel version: (5, 15, 0)
+[+] Detected compiler: GCC 110200
=========================================================================================================================
- option name | type |desired val | decision | reason | check result
+ option_name | type |desired_val | decision | reason | check_result
=========================================================================================================================
CONFIG_BUG |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
-CONFIG_GCC_PLUGINS |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_IOMMU_SUPPORT |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
CONFIG_STACKPROTECTOR |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
-CONFIG_STACKPROTECTOR_STRONG |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
+CONFIG_STACKPROTECTOR_STRONG |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
CONFIG_STRICT_MODULE_RWX |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
-CONFIG_REFCOUNT_FULL |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK: version >= 5.5
-CONFIG_THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
-CONFIG_IOMMU_SUPPORT |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_REFCOUNT_FULL |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK: version >= (5, 4, 208)
+CONFIG_INIT_STACK_ALL_ZERO |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | FAIL: is not found
CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
CONFIG_VMAP_STACK |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
-CONFIG_MICROCODE |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_SPECULATION_MITIGATIONS |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | FAIL: is not found
+CONFIG_DEBUG_WX |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_WERROR |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
+CONFIG_X86_MCE |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_X86_MCE_INTEL |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_X86_MCE_AMD |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
CONFIG_RETPOLINE |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
-CONFIG_X86_SMAP |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK: version >= 5.19
CONFIG_SYN_COOKIES |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_MICROCODE |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_MICROCODE_INTEL |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_MICROCODE_AMD |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_X86_SMAP |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
CONFIG_X86_UMIP |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_MEMORY |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_X86_KERNEL_IBT |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | FAIL: is not found
+CONFIG_CPU_SRSO |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | FAIL: is not found
CONFIG_INTEL_IOMMU |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
CONFIG_AMD_IOMMU |kconfig| y |defconfig | self_protection | OK
-CONFIG_BUG_ON_DATA_CORRUPTION |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
-CONFIG_DEBUG_WX |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
-CONFIG_SCHED_STACK_END_CHECK |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_BUG_ON_DATA_CORRUPTION |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
CONFIG_SLAB_FREELIST_HARDENED |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
CONFIG_SLAB_FREELIST_RANDOM |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
CONFIG_SHUFFLE_PAGE_ALLOCATOR |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
CONFIG_FORTIFY_SOURCE |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
-CONFIG_DEBUG_LIST |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_DEBUG_LIST |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
+CONFIG_DEBUG_VIRTUAL |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
CONFIG_DEBUG_SG |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
+CONFIG_INIT_ON_ALLOC_DEFAULT_ON |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_STATIC_USERMODEHELPER |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
+CONFIG_SCHED_CORE |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_SECURITY_LOCKDOWN_LSM |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_SECURITY_LOCKDOWN_LSM_EARLY |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_LOCK_DOWN_KERNEL_FORCE_CONFIDENTIALITY|kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
CONFIG_DEBUG_NOTIFIERS |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
-CONFIG_INIT_ON_ALLOC_DEFAULT_ON |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
-CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_LATENT_ENTROPY |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
+CONFIG_SCHED_STACK_END_CHECK |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
CONFIG_KFENCE |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
-CONFIG_WERROR |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
-CONFIG_IOMMU_DEFAULT_DMA_STRICT |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
-CONFIG_IOMMU_DEFAULT_PASSTHROUGH |kconfig| is not set | kspp | self_protection | OK
-CONFIG_ZERO_CALL_USED_REGS |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
-CONFIG_RANDSTRUCT_FULL |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
+CONFIG_KFENCE_SAMPLE_INTERVAL |kconfig| is not off |a13xp0p0v | self_protection | FAIL: is off, "0"
+CONFIG_RANDSTRUCT_FULL |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: is not found
+CONFIG_RANDSTRUCT_PERFORMANCE |kconfig| is not set | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: CONFIG_RANDSTRUCT_FULL is not "y"
CONFIG_HARDENED_USERCOPY |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
-CONFIG_HARDENED_USERCOPY_FALLBACK |kconfig| is not set | kspp | self_protection | OK: not found
-CONFIG_HARDENED_USERCOPY_PAGESPAN |kconfig| is not set | kspp | self_protection | OK: not found
+CONFIG_HARDENED_USERCOPY_FALLBACK |kconfig| is not set | kspp | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_HARDENED_USERCOPY_PAGESPAN |kconfig| is not set | kspp | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_LATENT_ENTROPY |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: is not found
CONFIG_MODULE_SIG |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_ALL |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_SHA512 |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_FORCE |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
-CONFIG_INIT_STACK_ALL_ZERO |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
CONFIG_INIT_ON_FREE_DEFAULT_ON |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
-CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_STACKLEAK |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
+CONFIG_EFI_DISABLE_PCI_DMA |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
+CONFIG_RESET_ATTACK_MITIGATION |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_UBSAN_BOUNDS |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_UBSAN_LOCAL_BOUNDS |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK: CONFIG_UBSAN_BOUNDS is "y"
+CONFIG_UBSAN_TRAP |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: CONFIG_UBSAN_ENUM is not "is not set"
+CONFIG_UBSAN_SANITIZE_ALL |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_STACKLEAK |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: is not found
+CONFIG_STACKLEAK_METRICS |kconfig| is not set | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_STACKLEAK is not "y"
+CONFIG_STACKLEAK_RUNTIME_DISABLE |kconfig| is not set | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_STACKLEAK is not "y"
CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_KSTACK_OFFSET_DEFAULT |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
-CONFIG_SCHED_CORE |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_CFI_CLANG |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: CONFIG_CC_IS_CLANG is not "y"
+CONFIG_CFI_PERMISSIVE |kconfig| is not set | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: CONFIG_CC_IS_CLANG is not "y"
+CONFIG_HW_RANDOM_TPM |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
CONFIG_DEFAULT_MMAP_MIN_ADDR |kconfig| 65536 | kspp | self_protection | OK
-CONFIG_UBSAN_BOUNDS |kconfig| y |maintainer| self_protection | FAIL: not found
-CONFIG_UBSAN_SANITIZE_ALL |kconfig| y |maintainer| self_protection | FAIL: CONFIG_UBSAN_BOUNDS not "y"
-CONFIG_UBSAN_TRAP |kconfig| y |maintainer| self_protection | FAIL: CONFIG_UBSAN_BOUNDS not "y"
-CONFIG_DEBUG_VIRTUAL |kconfig| y | clipos | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
-CONFIG_STATIC_USERMODEHELPER |kconfig| y | clipos | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
-CONFIG_EFI_DISABLE_PCI_DMA |kconfig| y | clipos | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
-CONFIG_SLAB_MERGE_DEFAULT |kconfig| is not set | clipos | self_protection | OK
-CONFIG_RANDOM_TRUST_BOOTLOADER |kconfig| is not set | clipos | self_protection | FAIL: "y"
-CONFIG_RANDOM_TRUST_CPU |kconfig| is not set | clipos | self_protection | FAIL: "y"
-CONFIG_RANDSTRUCT_PERFORMANCE |kconfig| is not set | clipos | self_protection | FAIL: CONFIG_RANDSTRUCT_FULL not "y"
-CONFIG_STACKLEAK_METRICS |kconfig| is not set | clipos | self_protection | FAIL: CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_STACKLEAK not "y"
-CONFIG_STACKLEAK_RUNTIME_DISABLE |kconfig| is not set | clipos | self_protection | FAIL: CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_STACKLEAK not "y"
-CONFIG_INTEL_IOMMU_DEFAULT_ON |kconfig| y | clipos | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
-CONFIG_INTEL_IOMMU_SVM |kconfig| y | clipos | self_protection | OK
-CONFIG_RESET_ATTACK_MITIGATION |kconfig| y | my | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
-CONFIG_UBSAN_LOCAL_BOUNDS |kconfig| y | my | self_protection | FAIL: not found
-CONFIG_SLS |kconfig| y | my | self_protection | OK
-CONFIG_AMD_IOMMU_V2 |kconfig| y | my | self_protection | FAIL: "m"
+CONFIG_IOMMU_DEFAULT_DMA_STRICT |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: "is not set"
+CONFIG_IOMMU_DEFAULT_PASSTHROUGH |kconfig| is not set | kspp | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_INTEL_IOMMU_DEFAULT_ON |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_SLS |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: is not found
+CONFIG_INTEL_IOMMU_SVM |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | OK
+CONFIG_AMD_IOMMU_V2 |kconfig| y | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: "m"
+CONFIG_SLAB_MERGE_DEFAULT |kconfig| is not set | clipos | self_protection | FAIL: "y"
+CONFIG_LIST_HARDENED |kconfig| y |a13xp0p0v | self_protection | FAIL: is not found
+CONFIG_RANDOM_KMALLOC_CACHES |kconfig| y |a13xp0p0v | self_protection | FAIL: is not found
CONFIG_SECURITY |kconfig| y |defconfig | security_policy | OK
CONFIG_SECURITY_YAMA |kconfig| y | kspp | security_policy | OK
CONFIG_SECURITY_LANDLOCK |kconfig| y | kspp | security_policy | OK
CONFIG_SECURITY_SELINUX_DISABLE |kconfig| is not set | kspp | security_policy | OK
-CONFIG_SECURITY_LOCKDOWN_LSM |kconfig| y | clipos | security_policy | OK
-CONFIG_SECURITY_LOCKDOWN_LSM_EARLY |kconfig| y | clipos | security_policy | OK
-CONFIG_LOCK_DOWN_KERNEL_FORCE_CONFIDENTIALITY|kconfig| y | clipos | security_policy | FAIL: "is not set"
-CONFIG_SECURITY_WRITABLE_HOOKS |kconfig| is not set | my | security_policy | OK: not found
-CONFIG_SECURITY_SAFESETID |kconfig| y | my | security_policy | FAIL: "is not set"
-CONFIG_SECURITY_LOADPIN |kconfig| y | my | security_policy | FAIL: "is not set"
-CONFIG_SECURITY_LOADPIN_ENFORCE |kconfig| y | my | security_policy | FAIL: CONFIG_SECURITY_LOADPIN not "y"
-CONFIG_BPF_UNPRIV_DEFAULT_OFF |kconfig| y |defconfig |cut_attack_surface| OK
+CONFIG_SECURITY_SELINUX_BOOTPARAM |kconfig| is not set | kspp | security_policy | FAIL: "y"
+CONFIG_SECURITY_SELINUX_DEVELOP |kconfig| is not set | kspp | security_policy | FAIL: "y"
+CONFIG_SECURITY_WRITABLE_HOOKS |kconfig| is not set | kspp | security_policy | OK: is not found
+CONFIG_SECURITY_SELINUX_DEBUG |kconfig| is not set |a13xp0p0v | security_policy | OK: is not found
+CONFIG_SECURITY_SELINUX |kconfig| y |a13xp0p0v | security_policy | OK
CONFIG_SECCOMP |kconfig| y |defconfig |cut_attack_surface| OK
CONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTER |kconfig| y |defconfig |cut_attack_surface| OK
+CONFIG_BPF_UNPRIV_DEFAULT_OFF |kconfig| y |defconfig |cut_attack_surface| OK
CONFIG_STRICT_DEVMEM |kconfig| y |defconfig |cut_attack_surface| OK
-CONFIG_SECURITY_DMESG_RESTRICT |kconfig| y | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "is not set"
+CONFIG_X86_INTEL_TSX_MODE_OFF |kconfig| y |defconfig |cut_attack_surface| OK
+CONFIG_SECURITY_DMESG_RESTRICT |kconfig| y | kspp |cut_attack_surface| OK
CONFIG_ACPI_CUSTOM_METHOD |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| OK
CONFIG_COMPAT_BRK |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| OK
-CONFIG_DEVKMEM |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| OK: not found
-CONFIG_COMPAT_VDSO |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| OK
+CONFIG_DEVKMEM |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| OK: is not found
CONFIG_BINFMT_MISC |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "m"
-CONFIG_INET_DIAG |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
+CONFIG_INET_DIAG |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "m"
CONFIG_KEXEC |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_PROC_KCORE |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
-CONFIG_LEGACY_PTYS |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| OK
+CONFIG_LEGACY_PTYS |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_HIBERNATION |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
+CONFIG_COMPAT |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_IA32_EMULATION |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
-CONFIG_X86_X32 |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| OK: not found
+CONFIG_X86_X32 |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
+CONFIG_X86_X32_ABI |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| OK: is not found
CONFIG_MODIFY_LDT_SYSCALL |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
-CONFIG_OABI_COMPAT |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| OK: not found
-CONFIG_X86_MSR |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
+CONFIG_OABI_COMPAT |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| OK: is not found
+CONFIG_X86_MSR |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "m"
+CONFIG_LEGACY_TIOCSTI |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| OK: is not found
CONFIG_MODULES |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_DEVMEM |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
-CONFIG_IO_STRICT_DEVMEM |kconfig| y | kspp |cut_attack_surface| OK
-CONFIG_LEGACY_VSYSCALL_NONE |kconfig| y | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "is not set"
+CONFIG_IO_STRICT_DEVMEM |kconfig| y | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "is not set"
+CONFIG_LDISC_AUTOLOAD |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
+CONFIG_COMPAT_VDSO |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| OK
+CONFIG_X86_VSYSCALL_EMULATION |kconfig| is not set | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_ZSMALLOC_STAT |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| OK
-CONFIG_PAGE_OWNER |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
+CONFIG_PAGE_OWNER |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| OK
CONFIG_DEBUG_KMEMLEAK |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| OK
-CONFIG_BINFMT_AOUT |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| OK: not found
+CONFIG_BINFMT_AOUT |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| OK: is not found
CONFIG_KPROBE_EVENTS |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_UPROBE_EVENTS |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_GENERIC_TRACER |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_BLK_DEV_IO_TRACE |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_PROC_VMCORE |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_PROC_PAGE_MONITOR |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
-CONFIG_USELIB |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| OK
+CONFIG_USELIB |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_CHECKPOINT_RESTORE |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_USERFAULTFD |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_HWPOISON_INJECT |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "m"
CONFIG_MEM_SOFT_DIRTY |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_DEVPORT |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_DEBUG_FS |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
-CONFIG_NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECTION |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| OK
-CONFIG_FAIL_FUTEX |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| OK: not found
-CONFIG_PUNIT_ATOM_DEBUG |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| OK
-CONFIG_ACPI_CONFIGFS |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| OK
+CONFIG_NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECTION |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "m"
+CONFIG_FAIL_FUTEX |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| OK: is not found
+CONFIG_PUNIT_ATOM_DEBUG |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "m"
+CONFIG_ACPI_CONFIGFS |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "m"
CONFIG_EDAC_DEBUG |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| OK
-CONFIG_DRM_I915_DEBUG |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| OK: not found
+CONFIG_DRM_I915_DEBUG |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| OK
CONFIG_BCACHE_CLOSURES_DEBUG |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| OK
-CONFIG_DVB_C8SECTPFE |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| OK: not found
-CONFIG_MTD_SLRAM |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| OK
-CONFIG_MTD_PHRAM |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| OK
+CONFIG_DVB_C8SECTPFE |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| OK: is not found
+CONFIG_MTD_SLRAM |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "m"
+CONFIG_MTD_PHRAM |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "m"
CONFIG_IO_URING |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_KCMP |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_RSEQ |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
-CONFIG_LATENCYTOP |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
+CONFIG_LATENCYTOP |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| OK
CONFIG_KCOV |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| OK
-CONFIG_PROVIDE_OHCI1394_DMA_INIT |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
+CONFIG_PROVIDE_OHCI1394_DMA_INIT |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| OK
CONFIG_SUNRPC_DEBUG |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_PTDUMP_DEBUGFS |kconfig| is not set | grsec |cut_attack_surface| OK
CONFIG_DRM_LEGACY |kconfig| is not set |maintainer|cut_attack_surface| OK
CONFIG_FB |kconfig| is not set |maintainer|cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_VT |kconfig| is not set |maintainer|cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_BLK_DEV_FD |kconfig| is not set |maintainer|cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "m"
-CONFIG_BLK_DEV_FD_RAWCMD |kconfig| is not set |maintainer|cut_attack_surface| OK
-CONFIG_AIO |kconfig| is not set |grapheneos|cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
+CONFIG_BLK_DEV_FD_RAWCMD |kconfig| is not set |maintainer|cut_attack_surface| OK: is not found
+CONFIG_NOUVEAU_LEGACY_CTX_SUPPORT |kconfig| is not set |maintainer|cut_attack_surface| OK
CONFIG_STAGING |kconfig| is not set | clipos |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_KSM |kconfig| is not set | clipos |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_KALLSYMS |kconfig| is not set | clipos |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
-CONFIG_X86_VSYSCALL_EMULATION |kconfig| is not set | clipos |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_MAGIC_SYSRQ |kconfig| is not set | clipos |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE |kconfig| is not set | clipos |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_USER_NS |kconfig| is not set | clipos |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
-CONFIG_X86_CPUID |kconfig| is not set | clipos |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
+CONFIG_X86_CPUID |kconfig| is not set | clipos |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "m"
CONFIG_X86_IOPL_IOPERM |kconfig| is not set | clipos |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_ACPI_TABLE_UPGRADE |kconfig| is not set | clipos |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_EFI_CUSTOM_SSDT_OVERLAYS |kconfig| is not set | clipos |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
-CONFIG_LDISC_AUTOLOAD |kconfig| is not set | clipos |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
-CONFIG_X86_INTEL_TSX_MODE_OFF |kconfig| y | clipos |cut_attack_surface| OK
-CONFIG_BPF_SYSCALL |kconfig| is not set | lockdown |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
+CONFIG_AIO |kconfig| is not set | clipos |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
CONFIG_EFI_TEST |kconfig| is not set | lockdown |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "m"
CONFIG_MMIOTRACE_TEST |kconfig| is not set | lockdown |cut_attack_surface| OK
CONFIG_KPROBES |kconfig| is not set | lockdown |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
-CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS |kconfig| y | my |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: not found
-CONFIG_MMIOTRACE |kconfig| is not set | my |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
-CONFIG_LIVEPATCH |kconfig| is not set | my |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
-CONFIG_IP_DCCP |kconfig| is not set | my |cut_attack_surface| OK
-CONFIG_IP_SCTP |kconfig| is not set | my |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "m"
-CONFIG_FTRACE |kconfig| is not set | my |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
-CONFIG_VIDEO_VIVID |kconfig| is not set | my |cut_attack_surface| OK: not found
-CONFIG_INPUT_EVBUG |kconfig| is not set | my |cut_attack_surface| OK
-CONFIG_KGDB |kconfig| is not set | my |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
-CONFIG_INTEGRITY |kconfig| y |defconfig | harden_userspace | OK
-CONFIG_ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS |kconfig| 32 | clipos | harden_userspace | FAIL: "28"
-nosmep |cmdline| is not set |defconfig | self_protection | OK: not found
-nosmap |cmdline| is not set |defconfig | self_protection | OK: not found
-nokaslr |cmdline| is not set |defconfig | self_protection | OK: not found
-nopti |cmdline| is not set |defconfig | self_protection | OK: not found
-nospectre_v1 |cmdline| is not set |defconfig | self_protection | OK: not found
-nospectre_v2 |cmdline| is not set |defconfig | self_protection | OK: not found
-rodata |cmdline| 1 |defconfig | self_protection | OK: rodata not found
-init_on_alloc |cmdline| 1 | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: not found
-init_on_free |cmdline| 1 | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: not found
-slab_nomerge |cmdline| | kspp | self_protection | OK: CONFIG_SLAB_MERGE_DEFAULT "is not set"
-iommu.strict |cmdline| 1 | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: not found
-iommu.passthrough |cmdline| 0 | kspp | self_protection | OK: CONFIG_IOMMU_DEFAULT_PASSTHROUGH "is not set"
-hardened_usercopy |cmdline| 1 | kspp | self_protection | OK: CONFIG_HARDENED_USERCOPY "y"
-slab_common.usercopy_fallback |cmdline| 0 | kspp | self_protection | OK: CONFIG_HARDENED_USERCOPY_FALLBACK not found
-randomize_kstack_offset |cmdline| 1 | kspp | self_protection | OK: CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_KSTACK_OFFSET_DEFAULT "y"
-pti |cmdline| on | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: not found
-page_alloc.shuffle |cmdline| 1 | clipos | self_protection | FAIL: not found
-spectre_v2 |cmdline| on | clipos | self_protection | FAIL: not found
-vsyscall |cmdline| none | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: not found
-debugfs |cmdline| off | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: not found
-
-[+] Config check is finished: 'OK' - 97 / 'FAIL' - 101
+CONFIG_BPF_SYSCALL |kconfig| is not set | lockdown |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
+CONFIG_MMIOTRACE |kconfig| is not set |a13xp0p0v |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
+CONFIG_LIVEPATCH |kconfig| is not set |a13xp0p0v |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
+CONFIG_IP_DCCP |kconfig| is not set |a13xp0p0v |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "m"
+CONFIG_IP_SCTP |kconfig| is not set |a13xp0p0v |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "m"
+CONFIG_FTRACE |kconfig| is not set |a13xp0p0v |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
+CONFIG_VIDEO_VIVID |kconfig| is not set |a13xp0p0v |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "m"
+CONFIG_INPUT_EVBUG |kconfig| is not set |a13xp0p0v |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "m"
+CONFIG_KGDB |kconfig| is not set |a13xp0p0v |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
+CONFIG_CORESIGHT |kconfig| is not set |a13xp0p0v |cut_attack_surface| OK: is not found
+CONFIG_XFS_SUPPORT_V4 |kconfig| is not set |a13xp0p0v |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "y"
+CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS |kconfig| y |a13xp0p0v |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "is not set"
+CONFIG_MODULE_FORCE_LOAD |kconfig| is not set |a13xp0p0v |cut_attack_surface| OK
+CONFIG_COREDUMP |kconfig| is not set | clipos | harden_userspace | FAIL: "y"
+CONFIG_ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS |kconfig| 32 |a13xp0p0v | harden_userspace | FAIL: "28"
+nosmep |cmdline| is not set |defconfig | self_protection | OK: is not found
+nosmap |cmdline| is not set |defconfig | self_protection | OK: is not found
+nokaslr |cmdline| is not set |defconfig | self_protection | OK: is not found
+nopti |cmdline| is not set |defconfig | self_protection | OK: is not found
+nospectre_v1 |cmdline| is not set |defconfig | self_protection | OK: is not found
+nospectre_v2 |cmdline| is not set |defconfig | self_protection | OK: is not found
+nospectre_bhb |cmdline| is not set |defconfig | self_protection | OK: is not found
+nospec_store_bypass_disable |cmdline| is not set |defconfig | self_protection | OK: is not found
+dis_ucode_ldr |cmdline| is not set |defconfig | self_protection | OK: is not found
+arm64.nobti |cmdline| is not set |defconfig | self_protection | OK: is not found
+arm64.nopauth |cmdline| is not set |defconfig | self_protection | OK: is not found
+arm64.nomte |cmdline| is not set |defconfig | self_protection | OK: is not found
+spectre_v2 |cmdline| is not off |defconfig | self_protection | FAIL: is off, not found
+spectre_v2_user |cmdline| is not off |defconfig | self_protection | FAIL: is off, not found
+spec_store_bypass_disable |cmdline| is not off |defconfig | self_protection | FAIL: is off, not found
+l1tf |cmdline| is not off |defconfig | self_protection | FAIL: is off, not found
+mds |cmdline| is not off |defconfig | self_protection | FAIL: is off, not found
+tsx_async_abort |cmdline| is not off |defconfig | self_protection | FAIL: is off, not found
+srbds |cmdline| is not off |defconfig | self_protection | FAIL: is off, not found
+mmio_stale_data |cmdline| is not off |defconfig | self_protection | FAIL: is off, not found
+retbleed |cmdline| is not off |defconfig | self_protection | FAIL: is off, not found
+spec_rstack_overflow |cmdline| is not off |defconfig | self_protection | FAIL: is off, not found
+gather_data_sampling |cmdline| is not off |defconfig | self_protection | FAIL: is off, not found
+rodata |cmdline| on |defconfig | self_protection | OK: rodata is not found
+mitigations |cmdline| auto,nosmt | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: is not found
+slab_merge |cmdline| is not set | kspp | self_protection | OK: is not found
+slub_merge |cmdline| is not set | kspp | self_protection | OK: is not found
+page_alloc.shuffle |cmdline| 1 | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: is not found
+slab_nomerge |cmdline| is present | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: is not present
+init_on_alloc |cmdline| 1 | kspp | self_protection | OK: CONFIG_INIT_ON_ALLOC_DEFAULT_ON is "y"
+init_on_free |cmdline| 1 | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: is not found
+hardened_usercopy |cmdline| 1 | kspp | self_protection | OK: CONFIG_HARDENED_USERCOPY is "y"
+slab_common.usercopy_fallback |cmdline| is not set | kspp | self_protection | OK: is not found
+iommu.strict |cmdline| 1 | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: is not found
+iommu.passthrough |cmdline| 0 | kspp | self_protection | OK: CONFIG_IOMMU_DEFAULT_PASSTHROUGH is "is not set"
+randomize_kstack_offset |cmdline| 1 | kspp | self_protection | OK: CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_KSTACK_OFFSET_DEFAULT is "y"
+pti |cmdline| on | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: is not found
+iommu |cmdline| force | clipos | self_protection | FAIL: is not found
+kfence.sample_interval |cmdline| is not off |a13xp0p0v | self_protection | FAIL: is off, not found
+tsx |cmdline| off |defconfig |cut_attack_surface| OK: CONFIG_X86_INTEL_TSX_MODE_OFF is "y"
+nosmt |cmdline| is present | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: is not present
+vsyscall |cmdline| none | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: is not found
+vdso32 |cmdline| 0 | kspp |cut_attack_surface| OK: CONFIG_COMPAT_VDSO is "is not set"
+debugfs |cmdline| off | grsec |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: is not found
+sysrq_always_enabled |cmdline| is not set |a13xp0p0v |cut_attack_surface| OK: is not found
+ia32_emulation |cmdline| 0 |a13xp0p0v |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: is not found
+norandmaps |cmdline| is not set |defconfig | harden_userspace | OK: is not found
+net.core.bpf_jit_harden |sysctl | 2 | kspp | self_protection | FAIL: "0"
+kernel.dmesg_restrict |sysctl | 1 | kspp |cut_attack_surface| OK
+kernel.perf_event_paranoid |sysctl | 3 | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "4"
+kernel.kexec_load_disabled |sysctl | 1 | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "0"
+user.max_user_namespaces |sysctl | 0 | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "31231"
+dev.tty.ldisc_autoload |sysctl | 0 | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "1"
+kernel.unprivileged_bpf_disabled |sysctl | 1 | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "2"
+kernel.kptr_restrict |sysctl | 2 | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "1"
+dev.tty.legacy_tiocsti |sysctl | 0 | kspp |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: is not found
+vm.unprivileged_userfaultfd |sysctl | 0 | kspp |cut_attack_surface| OK
+kernel.modules_disabled |sysctl | 1 | clipos |cut_attack_surface| FAIL: "0"
+fs.protected_symlinks |sysctl | 1 | kspp | harden_userspace | OK
+fs.protected_hardlinks |sysctl | 1 | kspp | harden_userspace | OK
+fs.protected_fifos |sysctl | 2 | kspp | harden_userspace | FAIL: "1"
+fs.protected_regular |sysctl | 2 | kspp | harden_userspace | OK
+fs.suid_dumpable |sysctl | 0 | kspp | harden_userspace | FAIL: "2"
+kernel.randomize_va_space |sysctl | 2 | kspp | harden_userspace | OK
+kernel.yama.ptrace_scope |sysctl | 3 | kspp | harden_userspace | FAIL: "1"
+
+[+] Config check is finished: 'OK' - 121 / 'FAIL' - 139
```
-## kconfig-hardened-check versioning
+## Generating a Kconfig fragment with the security hardening options
-I usually update the kernel security hardening recommendations every few kernel releases.
+With the `-g` argument, the tool generates a Kconfig fragment with the security hardening options for the selected microarchitecture.
+
+This Kconfig fragment can be merged with the existing Linux kernel config:
+```
+$ ./bin/kernel-hardening-checker -g X86_64 > /tmp/fragment
+$ cd ~/linux-src/
+$ ./scripts/kconfig/merge_config.sh .config /tmp/fragment
+Using .config as base
+Merging /tmp/fragment
+Value of CONFIG_BUG_ON_DATA_CORRUPTION is redefined by fragment /tmp/fragment:
+Previous value: # CONFIG_BUG_ON_DATA_CORRUPTION is not set
+New value: CONFIG_BUG_ON_DATA_CORRUPTION=y
+ ...
+```
-So the version of `kconfig-hardened-check` is associated with the corresponding version of the kernel.
+## Questions and answers
-The version format is: __[major_number].[kernel_version].[kernel_patchlevel]__
+__Q:__ How all these kernel parameters influence the Linux kernel security?
+__A:__ To answer this question, you can use the `kernel-hardening-checker` [sources of recommendations][24]
+and the [Linux Kernel Defence Map][4] with its references.
-## Questions and answers
+<br />
__Q:__ How disabling `CONFIG_USER_NS` cuts the attack surface? It's needed for containers!
<br />
-__Q:__ Why `CONFIG_GCC_PLUGINS` is automatically disabled during the kernel compilation?
-
-__A:__ It means that your gcc doesn't support plugins. For example, if you have `gcc-7` on Ubuntu,
-try to install `gcc-7-plugin-dev` package, it should help.
-
-<br />
-
__Q:__ KSPP and CLIP OS recommend `CONFIG_PANIC_ON_OOPS=y`. Why doesn't this tool do the same?
__A:__ I personally don't support this recommendation because:
<br />
+__Q:__ Why enabling `CONFIG_STATIC_USERMODEHELPER` breaks various things in my GNU/Linux system?
+Do I really need that feature?
+
+__A:__ Linux kernel usermode helpers can be used for privilege escalation in kernel exploits
+([example 1][9], [example 2][10]). `CONFIG_STATIC_USERMODEHELPER` prevents that method. But it
+requires the corresponding support in the userspace: see the [example implementation][11] by
+Tycho Andersen [@tych0][12].
+
+<br />
+
__Q:__ What about performance impact of these security hardening options?
__A:__ Ike Devolder [@BlackIkeEagle][7] made some performance tests and described the results in [this article][8].
<br />
-__Q:__ Why enabling `CONFIG_STATIC_USERMODEHELPER` breaks various things in my GNU/Linux system?
-Do I really need that feature?
+__Q:__ Does my kernel have all those mitigations of Transient Execution Vulnerabilities in my hardware?
-__A:__ Linux kernel usermode helpers can be used for privilege escalation in kernel exploits
-([example 1][9], [example 2][10]). `CONFIG_STATIC_USERMODEHELPER` prevents that method. But it
-requires the corresponding support in the userspace: see the [example implementation][11] by
-Tycho Andersen [@tych0][12].
+__A:__ Checking the kernel config is not enough to answer this question.
+I highly recommend using [spectre-meltdown-checker][13] tool maintained by Stéphane Lesimple [@speed47][14].
<br />
-__Q:__ Does my kernel have all those mitigations of Transient Execution Vulnerabilities in my hardware?
+__Q:__ Why the `CONFIG_GCC_PLUGINS` option is automatically disabled during the kernel compilation?
-__A:__ Checking the kernel config is not enough to answer this question.
-I highly recommend using [spectre-meltdown-checker][13] tool maintained by Stéphane Lesimple [@speed47][14].
+__A:__ It means that your gcc doesn't support plugins. For example, if you have `gcc-7` on Ubuntu,
+try to install `gcc-7-plugin-dev` package, it should help.
[1]: http://kernsec.org/wiki/index.php/Kernel_Self_Protection_Project/Recommended_Settings
[3]: https://grsecurity.net/
[4]: https://github.com/a13xp0p0v/linux-kernel-defence-map
[5]: https://lwn.net/Articles/791863/
-[6]: https://github.com/a13xp0p0v/kconfig-hardened-check/issues/38
+[6]: https://github.com/a13xp0p0v/kernel-hardening-checker/issues/38
[7]: https://github.com/BlackIkeEagle
[8]: https://blog.herecura.eu/blog/2020-05-30-kconfig-hardening-tests/
[9]: https://googleprojectzero.blogspot.com/2018/09/a-cache-invalidation-bug-in-linux.html
[12]: https://github.com/tych0
[13]: https://github.com/speed47/spectre-meltdown-checker
[14]: https://github.com/speed47
-[15]: https://github.com/a13xp0p0v/kconfig-hardened-check/issues/53
-[16]: https://github.com/a13xp0p0v/kconfig-hardened-check/pull/54
-[17]: https://github.com/a13xp0p0v/kconfig-hardened-check/pull/62
+[15]: https://github.com/a13xp0p0v/kernel-hardening-checker/issues/53
+[16]: https://github.com/a13xp0p0v/kernel-hardening-checker/pull/54
+[17]: https://github.com/a13xp0p0v/kernel-hardening-checker/pull/62
[18]: https://cateee.net/lkddb/web-lkddb/
[19]: https://github.com/cateee/lkddb
[20]: https://kernel.org/
-[21]: https://github.com/a13xp0p0v/kconfig-hardened-check/issues/66
-[22]: https://github.com/a13xp0p0v/kconfig-hardened-check/issues/56
-[23]: https://github.com/a13xp0p0v/kconfig-hardened-check/issues?q=label%3Akernel_maintainer_feedback
+[21]: https://github.com/a13xp0p0v/kernel-hardening-checker/issues/66
+[22]: https://github.com/a13xp0p0v/kernel-hardening-checker/issues/56
+[23]: https://github.com/a13xp0p0v/kernel-hardening-checker/issues?q=label%3Akernel_maintainer_feedback
+[24]: https://github.com/a13xp0p0v/kernel-hardening-checker#motivation
projects / kconfig-hardened-check.git / blobdiff